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class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-afc4c1a1 data-v-2865c0b0><div class="content" data-v-2865c0b0><div class="outline-marker" data-v-2865c0b0></div><div class="outline-title" data-v-2865c0b0>On this page</div><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" data-v-2865c0b0><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-outline-aria-label" data-v-2865c0b0> Table of Contents for current page </span><ul class="root" data-v-2865c0b0 data-v-1188541a><!--[--><!--]--></ul></nav></div></div><!--[--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-afc4c1a1></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-37ebe389><div class="content-container" data-v-37ebe389><!--[--><!--]--><main class="main" data-v-37ebe389><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _articles_basic-bitdance_class08_5-%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7" data-v-37ebe389><div><h1 id="class8-next-js项目开发技巧" tabindex="-1">class8 - Next.js项目开发技巧 <a class="header-anchor" href="#class8-next-js项目开发技巧" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h1><p>这节课分享一些在开发过程种使用的开发技巧，来源是字节跳动青训营的直播课</p><h2 id="css多媒体适配" tabindex="-1">CSS多媒体适配 <a class="header-anchor" href="#css多媒体适配" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>媒体查询（Media Query）是CSS3新语法。使用@media查询，可以针对不同的媒体类型定义不同的样式，他的语法是：</p><div class="language-css"><button class="copy"></button><span class="lang">css</span><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">@media</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> not|only mediatype </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">and</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">mediafeature and|or|not mediafeature</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">)</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  CSS-Code;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><p>其中 mediatype 是指媒体设备，默认的 all 类型，指的是全部设备，常用的还有：</p><ul><li>screen 除打印设备和屏幕阅读设备以外的所有设备</li><li>speech 能够“读出”页面的屏幕阅读设备，通常供残疾人士使用</li><li>print 在打印和打印预览的时候生效</li></ul><p>mediafeature 是指媒体功能，他表示这条 css 在什么情况下才会触发，常用的有：</p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">值</th><th style="text-align:left;">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">aspect-ratio</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面可见区域宽度与高度的比率</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">color</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备每一组彩色原件的个数。如果不是彩色设备，则值等于0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">color-index</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义在输出设备的彩色查询表中的条目数。如果没有使用彩色查询表，则值等于0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">device-aspect-ratio</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见宽度与高度的比率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">device-height</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见高度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">device-width</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见宽度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">grid</td><td style="text-align:left;">用来查询输出设备是否使用栅格或点阵。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">height</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面可见区域高度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-aspect-ratio</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见宽度与高度的最大比率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-color</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备每一组彩色原件的最大个数。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-color-index</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义在输出设备的彩色查询表中的最大条目数。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-device-aspect-ratio</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见宽度与高度的最大比率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-device-height</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见的最大高度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-device-width</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕最大可见宽度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-height</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面最大可见区域高度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-monochrome</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义在一个单色框架缓冲区中每像素包含的最大单色原件个数。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-resolution</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义设备的最大分辨率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">max-width</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面最大可见区域宽度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-aspect-ratio</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面可见区域宽度与高度的最小比率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-color</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备每一组彩色原件的最小个数。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-color-index</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义在输出设备的彩色查询表中的最小条目数。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-device-aspect-ratio</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕可见宽度与高度的最小比率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-device-width</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕最小可见宽度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-device-height</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备的屏幕的最小可见高度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-height</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面最小可见区域高度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-monochrome</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义在一个单色框架缓冲区中每像素包含的最小单色原件个数</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-resolution</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义设备的最小分辨率。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">min-width</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面最小可见区域宽度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">monochrome</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义在一个单色框架缓冲区中每像素包含的单色原件个数。如果不是单色设备，则值等于0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">orientation</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面可见区域高度是否大于或等于宽度。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">resolution</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义设备的分辨率。如：96dpi, 300dpi, 118dpcm</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">scan</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义电视类设备的扫描工序。</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">width</td><td style="text-align:left;">定义输出设备中的页面可见区域宽度。</td></tr></tbody></table><p>我们可以通过 not, and, or 和 only 构造复杂的媒体查询：</p><ul><li><strong>not</strong>: not 运算符用于否定媒体查询，如果不满足这个条件则返回 true，否则返回 false</li><li><strong>only</strong>: only 运算符仅在整个查询匹配时才用于应用样式，并且对于防止较早的浏览器应用所选样式很有用</li><li><strong>,</strong>(逗号) 逗号用于将多个媒体查询合并为一个规则。 逗号分隔列表中的每个查询都与其他查询分开处理。列表的行为类似于逻辑或 or 运算符。</li><li><strong>and</strong>: and 操作符用于将多个媒体查询规则组合成单条媒体查询，当每个查询规则都为真时则该条媒体查询为真，它还用于将媒体功能与媒体类型结合在一起。</li><li><strong>or</strong>: or 仅仅用于多个 mediafeature 之间，表示多个联合的 mediafeature 只要有一个满足就可以触发</li></ul><p>我们用的最多的就是根据当前的屏幕大小来设定我们的样式，一个例子如下,我们在屏幕的最大宽度是 500 400 300px 的时候 ，让main 的样式发生变化，来达到适配的目的</p><div class="language-css"><button class="copy"></button><span class="lang">css</span><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">@media</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">only</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> screen </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">and</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">(</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">max-width</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">500px</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">)</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">main</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#B2CCD6;">width</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100px</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">@media</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">only</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> screen </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">and</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">(</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">max-width</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">400px</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">)</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">main</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#B2CCD6;">width</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">80px</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">@media</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">only</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> screen </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">and</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">(</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">max-width</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">300px</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">)</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">main</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#B2CCD6;">width</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">60px</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="js-适配" tabindex="-1">JS 适配 <a class="header-anchor" href="#js-适配" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>但是有时候我们的 css 并不能帮助我们处理一些复杂场景，比如说，当你屏幕尺寸到达一定程度的时候，你需要更换整个内容的布局和展示形式，这个时候我们就需要使用 js 来进行我们的适配，以下是一个 react 的例子，我们在全局的 resize 事件上绑定一个方法，并且提供一个Context 将我们的全局信息分发到其他页面中，当我们的屏幕大小到达一定的尺寸时，更新当前环境信息的变量，其他的组件得到信息变化后将会自动适配，不懂 Context 是什么的可以去看我之前的笔记 react与响应式 这一节</p><div class="language-javascript"><button class="copy"></button><span class="lang">javascript</span><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">export</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> UserAgentProvider </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">({</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">children</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">IProps</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">):</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">JSX</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">Element</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">[</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">userAgent</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">setUserAgent</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">]</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">useState</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">Environment</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Environment</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">none</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 服务器渲染初始化渲染未必是预期效果，none缓冲切换视觉)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">  </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 监听本地缓存来同步不同页面间的主题（当前页面无法监听到，直接在顶部栏进行了类的切换)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">useEffect</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">()</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">checkUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">():</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">void</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">width</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">document</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">body</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">offsetWidth</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">      </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 用宽度去判断，是为了适配不改机型，仅拉扯屏幕宽度的情况</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">if</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> (</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">width</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">768</span><span style="color:#F07178;">) </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">        </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 手机端</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">        </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Environment</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">mobile</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">else</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">if</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> (</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">width</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">768</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&amp;&amp;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">width</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1200</span><span style="color:#F07178;">) </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">        </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// ipad端</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">        </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Environment</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">ipad</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">else</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">if</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> (</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">width</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1200</span><span style="color:#F07178;">) </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">        </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// pc端</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">        </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Environment</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">pc</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">else</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">        </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Environment</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">none</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 增加none类型来缓冲默认类型样式切换时的视觉突变</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">checkUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">window</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">addEventListener</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">resize</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">checkUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 监听屏幕宽度变化，及时适配当前页面样式</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">return</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">():</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">void</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">window</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">removeEventListener</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">resize</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">checkUserAgent</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> [</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">typeof</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">document</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">!==</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">undefined</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&amp;&amp;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">document</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">body</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">offsetWidth</span><span style="color:#F07178;">])</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">return</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">UserAgentContext.Provider</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">value</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">={{</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> userAgent </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}&gt;{</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">children</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}&lt;/</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">UserAgentContext.Provider</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="大图优化" tabindex="-1">大图优化 <a class="header-anchor" href="#大图优化" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>WebP（发音 weppy)，是一种支持有损压缩和无损压缩的图片文件格式，派生自图像编码格式 VP8。根据 Google 的测试，无损压缩后的 WebP 比 PNG 文件少了 45％ 的文件大小，即使这些 PNG 文件经过其他压缩工具压缩之后，WebP 还是可以减少 28％ 的文件大小。</p><p>但是他也有部分的缺点就是不是所有的浏览器都支持 webp 所以我们需要想明确我们项目的运行环境再决定我们使用的技术</p><h2 id="strapi" tabindex="-1">strapi <a class="header-anchor" href="#strapi" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>Strapi是一种灵活的、开放源码的无头CMS，开发者可以自由选择自己喜欢的工具和框架，编辑器也可以轻松地管理和分发内容。</p><p>简而言之就是它可以根据你的配置来自动生成一个管理平台，不需要你手动去编写逻辑，它的官方文档如下：</p><p><a href="https://getstrapi.cn/developer-docs/latest/getting-started/introduction.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://getstrapi.cn/developer-docs/latest/getting-started/introduction.html</a></p><p>使用它也很简单，首先使用脚手架来生成一个项目，配置基本信息，比如数据库等等，然后运行即可</p><div class="language-shell"><button class="copy"></button><span class="lang">shell</span><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">npx create-strapi-app </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">项目名字</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">npm run develop</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><p>运行后打开页面 localhost:1337/admin 我们可以创建自己的产品，配置它的字段，我们就可以直接拥有一个可以进行增删改查的管理平台，同时他也将开放端口提供我们外部调用。具体教程可以看官方文档，网上教程也很多</p><h2 id="多媒体格式转换" tabindex="-1">多媒体格式转换 <a class="header-anchor" href="#多媒体格式转换" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>我们经常遇到这样的情况就是：我们希望用户使用 markdown 编译器快捷方便的写一篇文章，然后我们再使用我们设定的样式来展示他，我们可以使用一个 showdown 的库来实现，我们只需要下载他，然后这样使用它，就可以把我们保存的 markdown 信息转换成 html，同时我们可以根据生成的 html 标签来配置我们的样式：</p><div class="language-javascript"><button class="copy"></button><span class="lang">javascript</span><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> Article</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">NextPage</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">IArticleProps</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">({</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">content</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">})</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">converter</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">new</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">showdown</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">Converter</span><span style="color:#F07178;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">return</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> (</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">div</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">className</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">={</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">styles</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">article</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">div</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">dangerouslySetInnerHTML</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">={{</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F07178;">__html</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> converter</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">makeHtml</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(content) </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}} /&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;/</span><span style="color:#F07178;">div</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  )</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="主题切换" tabindex="-1">主题切换 <a class="header-anchor" href="#主题切换" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>主题切换是一个老生常谈的问题了，很多网页现在都支持白天模式和黑夜模式，处理方法是我们提供一个 Context ，传递一个保存着当前状态的变量，以及一个改变状态的方法，当状态改变的时候，我们改变绑定在 html 根标签上的一个属性，而 css 中我们可以根据html不同的属性的选择器来切换我们的样式；同时我们需要把我们的信息存储在 localStorage 里来记住用户的选择，这样用户下一次访问的时候就可以保持它的选择：</p><div class="language-javascript"><button class="copy"></button><span class="lang">javascript</span><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">export</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> ThemeContextProvider </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">({</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">children</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">IProps</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">):</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">JSX</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">Element</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">[</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">theme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">setTheme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">]</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">useState</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">Themes</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Themes</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">light</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">  </span><span style="color:#676E95;">// 监听本地缓存来同步不同页面间的主题</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">useEffect</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">()</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">checkTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">():</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">void</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">const</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">item</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> (</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">localStorage</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">getItem</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">theme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">) </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">as</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">Themes</span><span style="color:#F07178;">) </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">||</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">Themes</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">light</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">item</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">document</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">getElementsByTagName</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">html</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)[</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">0</span><span style="color:#F07178;">]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">dataset</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">theme</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">item</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">checkTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">window</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">addEventListener</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">storage</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">checkTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">return</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">():</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">void</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">      </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">window</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">removeEventListener</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">storage</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">checkTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> [])</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">return</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> (</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">ThemeContext.Provider</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">      </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">value</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">={{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        theme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setTheme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">currentTheme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">):</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">void</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#C792EA;">=&gt;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">          </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">currentTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">          </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">localStorage</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">setItem</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">theme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">currentTheme</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">          </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">document</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">getElementsByTagName</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">html</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)[</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">0</span><span style="color:#F07178;">]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">dataset</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">theme</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F07178;"> </span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">currentTheme</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">        </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">    &gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">      </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">children</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;/</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">ThemeContext.Provider</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">  )</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">};</span></span>
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